Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. A randomized double blind versus placebo study. A double-blind randomized study. View abstract. Lynch, K. E., Feldman, H. I., Berlin, J. BJU Int 2001;88:63-7.. View abstract. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1992;12(3):149-157. Bonilla, Guerrero R., Wolfe, L. A., Payne, N., Tortorelli, S., Matern, D., Rinaldo, P., Gavrilov, D., Melan, M., He, M., Steinberg, S. J., Raymond, G. V., Vockley, J., and Gibson, K. M. Essential fatty acid profiling for routine nutritional assessment unmasks adrenoleukodystrophy in an infant with isovaleric acidaemia. Impact of L-carnitine on plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. View abstract. J Strength.Cond.Res. Mantovani G, Maccio A, Madeddu C, et al. L-Carnosine (-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. L-carnitine may increase the risk of seizures in those with epilepsy. 2013 Apr;98(4):1667-75. Coto V, D'Alessandro L, Grattarola G, and et al. In studies in mice, TMAO has been shown to cause atherosclerosis, the disease process that leads . Schweiz.Med Wochenschr 9-12-1992;122(37):1352-1355. 2010;16(10):919-921. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. View abstract. View abstract. 2007;178(4 Pt 1):1398-1403. Hug G, McGraw CA, Bates SR, et al. Oral carnitine supplementation reduces body weight and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. View abstract. Gramignano, G., Lusso, M. R., Madeddu, C., Massa, E., Serpe, R., Deiana, L., Lamonica, G., Dessi, M., Spiga, C., Astara, G., Maccio, A., and Mantovani, G. Efficacy of l-carnitine administration on fatigue, nutritional status, oxidative stress, and related quality of life in 12 advanced cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy. View abstract. 2010;20(6):711-723. The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Rev 2002;54:589-98. The antagonistic effect of carnitine in hyperthyroidism. Zhang, Y., Song, J. Q., Liu, P., Yan, R., Dong, J. H., Yang, Y. L., Wang, L. F., Jiang, Y. W., Zhang, Y. H., Qin, J., and Wu, X. R. [Clinical studies on fifty-seven Chinese patients with combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocysteinemia]. (Paris) 2010;166(3):289-294. Ann.Clin Psychiatry 2009;21(4):213-236. Arch.Gerontol.Geriatr. Martinotti, G., Andreoli, S., Reina, D., Di, Nicola M., Ortolani, I., Tedeschi, D., Fanella, F., Pozzi, G., Iannoni, E., D'Iddio, S., and Prof, L. J. Acetyl-l-Carnitine in the treatment of anhedonia, melancholic and negative symptoms in alcohol dependent subjects. Fathizadeh H, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. View abstract. Mikhailova, T. L., Sishkova, E., Poniewierka, E., Zhidkov, K. P., Bakulin, I. G., Kupcinskas, L., Lesniakowski, K., Grinevich, V. B., Malecka-Panas, E., Ardizzone, S., D'Arienzo, A., Valpiani, D., Koch, M., Denapiene, G., Vago, G., Fociani, P., Zerbi, P., Ceracchi, M., Camerini, R., and Gasbarrini, G. Randomised clinical trial: the efficacy and safety of propionyl-L-carnitine therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis receiving stable oral treatment. 39. View abstract. L-Carnitine may cause serious side effects. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;34:1618-24. Neurobiol Aging 1995;16:1-4. View abstract. There are several effective supplements that can help you burn body fat. View abstract. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2006;7(2):101-109. View abstract. Drugs Exptl Clin Res 1992;18(1):29-36. Postiglione A, Soricelli A, Cicerano U, et al. View abstract. Pettegrew JW, Klunk WE, Panchalingam K, et al. Micic S, Lalic N, Djordjevic D, et al. In addition to the L-carnitine produced in your body, you can also obtain small amounts by eating animal products like meat or fish (5). Reprod Biol Endocrinol. Goetz, C. G., Tanner, C. M., Cohen, J. Milazzo, L., Menzaghi, B., Caramma, I., Nasi, M., Sangaletti, O., Cesari, M., Zanone, Poma B., Cossarizza, A., Antinori, S., and Galli, M. Effect of antioxidants on mitochondrial function in HIV-1-related lipoatrophy: a pilot study. Effects of L-carnitine on leukocyte function and viability in hemodialysis patients: A double-blind randomized trial. View abstract. More research is needed to confirm the benefits of L-carnitine in a younger, more active population. Carnitor (levocarnitine) package insert. Drugs Aging 2006;23(3):263-270. Cha, Y. S., Choi, S. K., Suh, H., Lee, S. N., Cho, D., and Li, K. Effects of carnitine coingested caffeine on carnitine metabolism and endurance capacity in athletes. 1-1-2010;84(1):52-58. Sakurabayashi, T., Miyazaki, S., Yuasa, Y., Sakai, S., Suzuki, M., Takahashi, S., and Hirasawa, Y. L-carnitine supplementation decreases the left ventricular mass in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Genazzani, A. D., Lanzoni, C., Ricchieri, F., Santagni, S., Rattighieri, E., Chierchia, E., Monteleone, P., and Jasonni, V. M. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) administration positively affects reproductive axis in hypogonadotropic women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea. Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. Carnitine versus androgen administration in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, depressed mood, and fatigue associated with male aging. 2006;8(5 Pt 1):503-507. View abstract. Ma, S. J., Cai, W. W., and Sheng, J. View abstract. View abstract. Human studies indicate that taking acetyl-L-carnitine daily helps reverse the decline in brain function associated with Alzheimers and other brain diseases (32, 33, 34). The role of carnitine supplementation during valproic acid therapy. View abstract. Common side effects of L-Carnitine may include: stomach pain; nausea, vomiting; or diarrhea. View abstract. View abstract. Wang Y, Xu Y, Zou R, et al. Rossle, C., Pichard, C., Roulet, M., Chiolero, R., Schutz, Y., Temler, E., Schindler, C., Zurlo, F., Jequier, E., and Furst, P. [Effect of L-carnitine supplemented total parenteral nutrition on postoperative lipid and nitrogen utilization]. View abstract. View abstract. Sci Rep. 2016;6:19188. Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis. Fatouros, I. G., Douroudos, I., Panagoutsos, S., Pasadakis, P., Nikolaidis, M. G., Chatzinikolaou, A., Sovatzidis, A., Michailidis, Y., Jamurtas, A. 1996;24(4):251-255. The mitochondria act as engines within your cells, burning these fats to create usable energy. It's been theorised that L-carnitine could help your body to produce energy by utilising the body's fat stores, allowing you to work out for longer and ultimately aiding in fat loss. Zhou, X., Liu, F., and Zhai, S. Effect of L-carnitine and/or L-acetyl-carnitine in nutrition treatment for male infertility: a systematic review. Iran J Kidney Dis 2011;5(2):114-118. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Metabolism 2008;57(4):549-554. View abstract. Adefovir dipivoxil. Holme E, Greter J, Jacobson CE, et al. View abstract. Nephron 1997;75(3):372. 2005;16(1):17-22. Endocr J 2018;65(5):521-6. Is there a special pill or food out there? View abstract. View abstract. Kimmoun, A., Munagamage, G., Dessalles, N., Gerard, A., Feillet, F., and Levy, B. 2006;142(4):458-460. Nasser, M., Javaheri, H., Fedorowicz, Z., and Noorani, Z. Carnitine supplementation for inborn errors of metabolism. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. Lancet 12-13-1980;2(8207):1309-1310. Calandrella, N., De, Seta C., Scarsella, G., and Risuleo, G. Carnitine reduces the lipoperoxidative damage of the membrane and apoptosis after induction of cell stress in experimental glaucoma. 2007;44(2):83-90. View abstract. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc.Metab 2010;20(2):104-114. View abstract. J Strength.Cond.Res. There have been a few studies on acetyl-L-carnitine's use as a treatment. (1) On top of the limitations in positive studies, it has also shown to be completely useless. 2006;35(3):349-357. Clin Ter. Smith, W. A., Fry, A. C., Tschume, L. C., and Bloomer, R. J. Volek, J. S., Judelson, D. A., Silvestre, R., Yamamoto, L. M., Spiering, B. Nourshahi, M., Kaviani, M., Kimiagar, M., and Ebrahim, K. H. The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic threshold and lactate accumulation during an incremental exercise. Gomez-Amores, L., Mate, A., Miguel-Carrasco, J. L., Jimenez, L., Jos, A., Camean, A. M., Revilla, E., Santa-Maria, C., and Vazquez, C. M. L-carnitine attenuates oxidative stress in hypertensive rats. 2017;96(39):e8117 View abstract. 2006;115(1-2):91-96. View abstract. Talenezhad N, Mohammadi M, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Salehi-Abargouei A. Greig, C., Finch, K. M., Jones, D. A., Cooper, M., Sargeant, A. J., and Forte, C. A. Cellular stress responses, mitostress and carnitine insufficiencies as critical determinants in aging and neurodegenerative disorders: role of hormesis and vitagenes. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2009;32(4):488-497. Clinical and biochemical effects. View abstract. 2013 Apr;121(4):234-8. Labonia, W. D. L-carnitine effects on anemia in hemodialyzed patients treated with erythropoietin. Another human study monitored L-carnitines effect on fat burning during a 90-minute stationary bicycle workout. Minerva Anestesiol. View abstract. J.Med.Sci. Rev.Neurol. A multicentre, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled trial. J Cardiopulm.Rehabil.Prev. View abstract. Propionyl-L-carnitine is safe for most people when taken by mouth or given intravenously by a healthcare professional. Acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Ann.Pharmacother. Glycine Propionyl L-Carnitine (GPLC) is used to alleviate intermittent claudication and blood flow issues. By Steve Blechman BREAKING NEWS! Guideri, F., Acampa, M., Hayek, Y., and Zappella, M. Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on cardiac dysautonomia in Rett syndrome: prevention of sudden death? 1992;140(4):353-377. View abstract. A. 2007;9(4):249-255. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021;46:54-59. Noble S, Goa KL. Ramos AC, Barrucand L, Elias PR, et al. J Child Neurol 2003;18:552-4. Herrmann, W. M., Dietrich, B., and Hiersemenzel, R. Pharmaco-electroencephalographic and clinical effects of the cholinergic substance--acetyl-L-carnitine--in patients with organic brain syndrome. BMC Public Health. View abstract. It seems l carnitine is a relatively safe nutrient in doses ranging from 50 to 500 mg. Higher doses may lead to excess energy, restlessness, perhaps insomnia. The effect of L-carnitine and isoflavone supplementation on weight reduction and visceral fat accumulation in overweight women. Here are 9 easy ways to boost your metabolism, backed by science. Latifian S, Hamdi K, Totakneh R. Effect of addition of l-carnitine in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with clomiphene citrate and gonadotropin resistant. Neuromuscul.Disord. Hum.Exp.Toxicol. 1994;60(12):707-713. Dal Negro R, Pomari G, Zoccatelli O, and et al. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Drugs Exper Clin Res 1983;9:925-934. Clin Auton.Res 2000;10(1):13-16. View abstract. 2006;49(6):987-997. 2006;59(6):840-847. View abstract. L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. View abstract. Ohtani Y, Endo F, Matsuda I. Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia associated with valproic acid therapy. 2008;26(3):388-4. View abstract. 1991;13(1-2):135-146. View abstract. View abstract. 2009;21(7):762-770. Schmidt-Sommerfeld E, Penn D. Carnitine and total parenteral nutrition of the neonate. Yeh, Y. Y., Cooke, R. J., and Zee, P. Impairment of lipid emulsion metabolism associated with carnitine insufficiency in premature infants. View abstract. Marti-Carvajal, A. J., Knight-Madden, J. M., and Martinez-Zapata, M. J. Zeitschrift fr Orthomolekulare Medizin 2009;7(3):22-24. Lipids Health Dis. View abstract. View abstract. 2007;8(4):241-250. Effects of parenteral L-carnitine supplementation on fat metabolism and nutrition in premature neonates. View abstract. View abstract. AIDS 2004;18:1549-60. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. Insomnia; Diarrhea; Some . Clin J Pain 2008;24(8):731-733. Arch Dis.Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1998;78(3):F185-F188. In one review of L-carnitines safety, doses of approximately 2 grams per day appeared to be safe for long-term use. See our dietitian's picks for women. Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Gonzalez, A., Beller, N. A., Hoffman, M. W., Olson, M., Purpura, M., and Jager, R. The effects of acute and prolonged CRAM supplementation on reaction time and subjective measures of focus and alertness in healthy college students. 1. View abstract. Hepatology 1997;25:148-53. A. Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. View abstract. View abstract. Shingu Y, Katoh N, Ooka T, Katoh H, Wakasa S. L-Carnitine supplementation for the prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation in aortic valve surgery. 2011;28(4):393-400. View abstract. Duranay, M., Akay, H., Yilmaz, F. M., Senes, M., Tekeli, N., and Yucel, D. Effects of L-carnitine infusions on inflammatory and nutritional markers in haemodialysis patients. View abstract. View abstract. A. Muniyappa, R. Oral carnitine therapy and insulin resistance. In cells, it helps transport fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they can be burned for energy. View abstract. Serum carnitine levels in epileptic children before and during treatment with valproic acid, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. View abstract. Vermeulen RC, Scholte HR. View abstract. 2008;27(3):253-259. L-acetylcarnitine in depressed elderly subjects. 2007;25(2):182-188. Maestri, A., De Pasquale, Ceratti A., Cundari, S., Zanna, C., Cortesi, E., and Crino, L. A pilot study on the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine in paclitaxel- and cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. View abstract. View abstract. Case report]. View abstract. Obstet.Gynecol. Stanley CA. J Neurol.Sci 3-15-2004;218(1-2):103-108. Am.J Kidney Dis 2008;52(5):962-971. However, some individuals may experience digestive side effects when taking L-carnitine. View abstract. Jones MG, Goodwin CS, Amjad S, Chalmers RA. Acenocoumarol is used to slow blood clotting. Penn, D., Schmidt-Sommerfeld, E., and Wolf, H. Carnitine deficiency in premature infants receiving total parenteral nutrition. View abstract. View abstract. Role of L-carnitine in apnea of prematurity: a randomized, controlled trial. Schoderbeck M, Auer B, Legenstein E, et al. Kuwasawa-Iwasaki M, Io H, Muto M, et al. Evidence suggests it may promote weight loss by increasing calorie expenditure.6. Curr Drug Targets. Effects of L- and DL-carnitine on patients with impaired exercise tolerance. These favorable effects of l-carnitine have been evident in infants, juvenile, young, adult and aged patients of sudden and chronic heart failure as well. View abstract. Swiss Med Wkly 2004;134:385. View abstract. View abstract. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. View abstract. 2008;111(2 Pt 2):522-524. Ann Biomed Res Educ. However, one analysis of nine studies mostly in obese individuals or older adults found that people lost an average of 2.9 pounds (1.3 kg) more weight while taking L-carnitine (29). View abstract. Maebashi, M., Kawamura, N., Sato, M., Imamura, A., and Yoshinaga, K. Lipid-lowering effect of carnitine in patients with type-IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. Bertoli, M., Battistella, P. A., Vergani, L., Naso, A., Gasparotto, M. L., Romagnoli, G. F., and Angelini, C. Carnitine deficiency induced during hemodialysis and hyperlipidemia: effect of replacement therapy. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020. Zhang, X. L. and Ge, H. Clinical observations on treating ischemic cardiomyopathy using Fasudil and L-carnitine. Support Care Cancer. View abstract. Insomnia, headaches and vertigo are common side effects. Sethumadhavan, S. and Chinnakannu, P. Carnitine and lipoic acid alleviates protein oxidation in heart mitochondria during aging process. Minerva Med 1989;80(3):227-231. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. View abstract. Mondillo, S., Faglia, S., D'Aprile, N., Mangiacotti, L., Campolo, M. A., Agricola, E., and Palazzuoli, V. [Therapy of arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia. L-Carnitine supplementation in older women. Cifone MG, Alesse E, Di Marzio L, et al. Ismail AM, Hamed AH, Saso S, Thabet HH. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2006;29(2-3):288-298. View abstract. As stated previously, foods high in sugar and saturated fat have been associated with poor sleep quality and sleep disturbances . View abstract. View abstract. Three-year survival of patients with heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy and L-carnitine administration. Muscle carnitine deficiency: adult onset lipid storage myopathy with sensory neuropathy. PLoS One. Rondanelli M, Opizzi A, Perna S, Faliva M, Solerte SB, Fioravanti M, Klersy C, Edda C, Maddalena P, Luciano S, Paola C, Emanuela C, Claudia S, Donini LM. Cardiologia 1990;35(7):591-596. Pola, P., Tondi, P., Flore, R., Serricchio, M., Dal Lago, A., Amanti, C., Consorti, F., Benedetti, M., and Midiri, H. Effect of l-carnitine on lipid pattern in debilitated patients treated with Intralipid. Murakami K, Sugimoto T, Woo M, et al. L-carnitine and Vitamin B Complex for the Treatment of Pegasparaginase-induced Hyperbilirubinemia. Pharmacol Res. Li, Z., Chen, G. W., Shang, X. J., Bai, W. J., Han, Y. F., Chen, B., Teng, X. M., Meng, F. H., Zhang, B., Chen, D. N., Liu, J. H., Zheng, X. M., Cao, X. R., Liu, Y., Zhu, X. A Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of L-Carnitine/L-Acetyl-Carnitine or N-Acetyl-Cysteine in Men With Idiopathic Asthenozoospermia.